Ihe nchacha eserese bụ ihe arụrụ arụ nke graphite mejupụtara dị ka ihe bụ isi ma jikọta ya na ihe inyeaka ndị ọzọ. A na-eji ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ime akara, mmanye mmanye, ikuku eletrik, na nguzogide corrosion. Ọrụ ha bụ isi na-adabere n'ụzọ bụ isi na nhazi na oke nke ihe ndị bụ isi ha, ọkachasị ogo graphite n'onwe ya na ihe mgbakwunye ya jikọtara ya.
Eserese: Isi akụkụ nke ihe ndozi eserese
Graphite bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke ndị na-ejuputa graphite, na-enwekarị 60% ruo 95% nke mkpokọta mkpokọta, yana oke nke dabere na ngwa achọrọ. Enwere ike iji graphite eke na sịntetik mee ihe dị ka akụrụngwa, mana microstructures na akụrụngwa ha dị iche. Grafite eke (dị ka flake graphite) nwere usoro kristal nwere akwa akwa yana njikọ interlayer na-adịghị ike, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ikpochapụ, na-ebute onwe ya nke ọma- mmanu mmanu. N'ụzọ dị iche, graphite sịntetik (dị ka elu-okpomọkụ calcined petroleum coke{7}graphite dabeere) na-adịkarị ọcha ma nwee ọdịnaya adịghị ọcha dị ala, na-eme ka ọ dabara maka ngwa chọrọ nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ.
Ngwongwo mara mma nke Graphite na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe ndochi isi:
1.
Mmanya onwe- onwe: Graphite n'ígwé na-amịli ngwa ngwa n'etiti ibe ha, na-ebelata iyi n'okpuru esemokwu akọrọ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ mmanu dị ala{{1}.
2.
Nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu: Graphite nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma ruo ihe dịka ogo 450 na ikuku na ọbụna karịa ogo 3000 na gas inert.
3.
Nkwụsi ike nke kemịkalụ: Graphite na-egosipụta ezigbo nguzogide n'ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi kemịkalụ, ewezuga acids oxidizing siri ike (dịka nitric acid na sulfuric acid).
4.
Nrụ ọrụ: Graphite nwere ezigbo nrụgharị eletrọnịkị, na-eme ka ọ dabara adaba maka akara ngosi ma ọ bụ ngwa antistatic.
Ihe inyeaka: Isi ihe na-eme ka arụ ọrụ zuru oke
Ọ bụ ezie na graphite bụ akụkụ bụ isi, ndị na-ejuputa graphite dị ọcha na-agbakarị mbọ imezu ihe achọrọ nke ọnọdụ ọrụ siri ike. Ya mere, a na-agbakwunyekarị ihe inyeaka iji kwalite arụmọrụ ha. Ihe inyeaka nkịtị gụnyere:
1. Ihe nkedo (dị ka resins, rubbers, ma ọ bụ metal oxides)
Ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ike ọrụ na nhazi nke ndị na-emepụta graphite dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka ha dị mma maka usoro nhazi dị iche iche (dịka ịkpụzi, extrusion, ma ọ bụ impregnation). Ọmụmaatụ:
• Resin binders (dị ka phenolic resins na epoxy resins): Ha na-abawanye ike nke ndochi na nguzogide kemịkalụ, na-eme ka ha dabara adaba maka akara static.
• Ihe eji ejikọta rọba (dị ka rọba nitrile na fluororubber): Mee ka mgbanwe dị mma na arụ ọrụ akara ike, dabara adaba maka nkwụghachi ma ọ bụ akara rotary.
• Metal oxides (dị ka zinc oxide na aluminom oxide): Melite thermal conductivity na elu{0}} nguzogide okpomọkụ.
2. Ihe na-eme ka eriri dị elu (dị ka eriri carbon, eriri iko, na eriri aramid):
Iji melite ike n'ibu na iyi nguzogide nke ndị na-eju graphite, a na-agbakwunyekarị eriri na-eme ka ahụ. Ọmụmaatụ:
• Carbon fiber: Na-ejikọta ike dị elu na elu -okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, dabara maka elu -okpomọkụ na elu{2} gburugburu mkpuchi mkpuchi.
• Fiber Glass: Ọnụ ala dị ala ma na-eme ka ihe mgbochi anya mmiri dịkwuo mma.
• eriri Aramid: Na-enye oke nguzogide iyi na ike ike, dabara maka ọnọdụ arụ ọrụ dị oke egwu.
3. Mmanu mmanu siri ike (dị ka Molybdenum Disulfide na Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE))
N'ụfọdụ ngwa esemokwu ọsọ ọsọ-ma ọ bụ dị ala{{1}, graphite nwere ike ọ gaghị enye mmanu zuru oke, yabụ na-agbakwunye mmanụ siri ike ndị ọzọ:
• Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS₂): Ọrụ dị mma n'okpuru okpomọkụ dị elu na nnukwu ibu, na-ejikarị ya na graphite.
• Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE): Nwere oke obere ọnụọgụ nke esemokwu na dabara adaba maka akara ngwa chọrọ obere esemokwu.
Ndozi nhazi nke ihe nchacha eserese pụrụ iche
Enwere ike ịhazi ihe mejupụtara graphite fillers ka ọ dabara ngwa dị iche iche:
• Nrụrụ{{0}Mmiri Graphite na-eguzogide: A na-agbakwunye ntụ ntụ dị ka nickel na ọlaọcha iji kwalite nguzogide acid na alkali.
• Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri eserese: A na-abawanye ịdị ọcha graphite na ntụ ntụ ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ carbon nanotubes na-agbakwunye iji kwalite conductivity.
• High-Purity Graphite Fillers: High-purity (>99%) A na-eji graphite sịntetik eme ihe iji belata adịghị ọcha, na-emezu ihe achọrọ nke semiconductor na ụlọ ọrụ nuklia.
Ihe mejupụtara graphite bụ ihe mejupụtara graphite, yana arụmọrụ kachasị mma site na nha nke sayensị nke ihe enyemaka dị ka ihe nkedo, eriri na-agbake, na mmanụ siri ike. Ọrụ kacha mma dabere na ụdị graphite (eke ma ọ bụ sịntetik), ịdị ọcha ya, na nhọrọ nke ihe mejupụtara. Site n'ọganihu na teknụzụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ihe mejupụtara graphite na-ejuputa ga-adịwanye mma karịa iji zute nnukwu ihe achọrọ nke ikuku ikuku, ike na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, yana ngwa njedebe dị elu-.
